![]() ![]() Involving 780 COVID-19 patients, the study found that when controlling independent variables during epidemiology such as age, sex, and comorbidity, a low vitamin D status is strongly associated with higher odds of COVID-19 mortality.īased on observational studies, a dose of at least 40 ng/mL to 50 ng/mL (100–125 nmol/L) of vitamin D is recommended for individuals as prophylaxis. Vitamin D has been cast in the spotlight since the pandemic as deficiency in the vitamin has been linked with poor clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients.Īn Indonesian retrospective cohort study by Biesalski HK et al found that male older patients with a pre-existing medical condition and those with lower vitamin D levels were associated with higher odds of mortality. “The fat-soluble vitamins are functional in various ways, including increasing the levels of cathelicidins and β-defensins, regulating RONS production, and influencing the acquired immune system by reducing immunoglobulin secretion by plasma cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines production to modulate T cells function,” the researchers said. “Vitamin A, D, E, and K boost the body’s defence mechanism against COVID-19 infection and specifically prevent its complications such as cytokine storm and other inflammatory processes, leading to increased morbidity and mortality overemphasis. The literature review, conducted between early June last year and mid-February this year, was based on studies found on Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Writing in Journey of Inflammation Research, researchers from India, Malaysia, Thailand, Bangladesh, and Nigeria found that deficiency in one or more of these vitamins could worsen COVID-19 symptoms.įor example, reduced vitamin K level has been reported in COVID-19 patients and this has been associated with increased elastin degradation, especially to the lung tissue, in turn resulting in breathing difficulties.ĬOVID-19 patients in severe conditions are also associated with co-morbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes, or hypertension – conditions which are linked to reduced vitamin K levels. ![]() The gut-brain axis: Psychobiotic opportunity in 25 countriese.Uncovering white spaces – Probiotics for a smooth menopause transition.Uncovering White Spaces – Probiotics for Pets.POSTbiotics – New Tools in Microbiome Modulation.After the pandemic: Business lessons and insights from 25 probiotic supplement e-markets.
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